Tuscany is characterized by picturesque landscapes of rolling hills, which provide ideal conditions for vine cultivation. These hillsides offer varying exposures to sunlight, soil types, and elevations, allowing vignerons to cultivate a wide range of grape varieties and produce wines with distinct terroir expressions.

Tuscany’s vineyards span a range of altitudes, from sea level along the coast to over 1,000 meters (3,280 feet) in the Apennine foothills. Altitude variation influences temperature gradients, sunlight exposure, and vine stress, contributing to the complexity and diversity of Tuscan wines.

The combination of Tuscany’s diverse geography, soil types (including limestone, clay, and sandstone), and microclimates results in a rich tapestry of terroirs. Each subregion, from the volcanic soils of Mount Amiata to the alluvial plains of the Maremma, imparts unique characteristics to the wines produced there.