The northern part of Lombardia is dominated by the Alps, which provide a dramatic backdrop for the region’s vineyards. The high altitudes and cool mountain climate are ideal for growing grapes with high acidity and aromatic complexity, particularly in regions like Valtellina.

Lombardia is home to several large lakes, including Lake Garda, Lake Como, and Lake Iseo. These lakes moderate the climate, creating mild conditions that help to ripen grapes while preserving acidity. The lake regions, particularly around Lake Garda, are known for producing fresh, crisp white wines like Lugana.

The southern part of Lombardia is characterized by the fertile plains of the Po River Valley. This area benefits from rich alluvial soils and a temperate climate, which are conducive to the cultivation of various grape varieties. The Po River itself also plays a crucial role in irrigating the vineyards.