The volcanic activity of Mount Vesuvius and the Campi Flegrei has enriched the soil in parts of Campania, particularly around Naples and the Bay of Naples. These volcanic soils, known as “tufo,” are prized for their fertility and ability to impart unique mineral flavors to the grapes.

Along the coast of Campania, especially in areas like the Sorrento Peninsula and the Amalfi Coast, there are coastal plains where vineyards benefit from the moderating influence of the Mediterranean Sea. These areas are known for producing crisp white wines and aromatic reds.

Inland, Campania is bordered by the rugged Apennine Mountains, which provide diverse microclimates and altitudes suitable for grape cultivation. The mountainous terrain creates varying exposures to sunlight and temperature fluctuations, contributing to the complexity of Campanian wines.

Campania includes several islands in the Tyrrhenian Sea, such as Capri, Ischia, and Procida. These islands have their own viticultural traditions, with vineyards often planted on terraced slopes overlooking the sea. The volcanic soils of Ischia, in particular, are known for producing distinctive wines.